Fossil

A fossil is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved in amber, hair, petrified wood and DNA remnants. The totality of fossils is known as the fossil record.

Though the fossil record is incomplete, numerous studies have demonstrated that there is enough information available to give a good understanding of the pattern of diversification of life on Earth.
In addition, the fossil record can fill gaps in our understanding of the sequence of evolution on earth, as demonstrated by the discovery of Tiktaalik in the arctic of Canada.

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Source: Wikipedia · Image: Wikimedia Commons · CC BY 4.0